Risk factors

Factors that increase your risk of developing urinary incontinence include:

• Gender. Women are more likely to have stress incontinence. Pregnancy, childbirth, menopause and normal female anatomy account for this difference. However, men who have prostate gland problems are at increased risk of urge and overflow incontinence.
• Age. As you get older, the muscles in your bladder and urethra lose some of their strength. Changes with age reduce how much your bladder can hold and increase the chances of involuntary urine release.
• Being overweight. Extra weight increases pressure on your bladder and surrounding muscles, which weakens them and allows urine to leak out when you cough or sneeze.
• Smoking. Tobacco use may increase your risk of urinary incontinence.
• Family history. If a close family member has urinary incontinence, especially urge incontinence, your risk of developing the condition is higher.
• Some diseases. Neurological disease or diabetes may increase your risk of incontinence.